Khrenov Nikolai Andreevich,
Doctor of Philosophy, Professor,
the Gerasimov Russian State
University of Cinematography
e-mail: nihrenov@mail.ru

Between America and China: the Concept of the “Other” in the Formation and Transformation of the Civilizational Identity of Russia
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Abstract. The article attempts to understand the internal and external factors of civilizational identity, in this case, in its Russian version. The article focuses on external factors, which should be understood as the concept of "Other", i.e., another civilization. In this case, the Other means both American civilization and China as a civilization. The author insists that at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries, three independent civilizations – Russia, America and China-demonstrate intensive forms of interaction, which affects the transformation of the civilizational identity of Russia. This is manifested in the desire to resist American hegemony, and in the turn from the West towards China, which makes the idea of the Eurasians, which arose in the first decades of the last century, relevant. The article takes into account the discrepancy in the time phases of the functioning of these civilizations. If America finally acquires civilizational forms and continues to experience passionate tension in the twentieth century, then, for example, China is one of the oldest civilizations. Russia, which has repeatedly radically revised its civilizational identity in its history, deserves a special discussion. Today, it is experiencing another radical turn in its history, focusing more on the East. The author's idea is usually illustrated with the help of the experience of cinema.

Keywords. Civilization, civilizational identity, Russia, America, China, West, Byzantium, medieval Russia, Empire, Other, internal factor, external factor, psychological factor of identity, personality type, basic personality, break of civilization, passionary, passionary tension, V. Solovyov, N. Danilevsky, A. Khomyakov, Slavophiles, Spengler, Toynbee, Eurasianism, Stoicism, phases of civilization, Panmongolism.
 

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